Unit 7 Interpersonal Relationship: Keys to the exercises??
Enhance Your Language Awareness
1 Listed in the boxes below are some of the words that you need to be veryfamiliar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with each of them tosee if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult adictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.
1) Every year before Christmas, we?decorate?our house with colourful lights.
2) Mother?scolded?John for not taking good care of his younger brother when she went out.
3) I quickly picked up a stick to?defend?myself when I saw a big dog running towards me.
4) Please don’t?interrupt?—?wait until I have finished what I have to say.
5) The mother?embraced?her son warmly as soon as he came into the house.
6) Jimmy’s car is quite?ancient; he bought it 15 years ago and it is still in good condition.
7) When I arrived I saw that the place had already been?occupied?by two strangers.
8) You have written a very good paper. I only made a few?minor?changes in the wording.
9) At different stages of our life, we?encounter?different kinds of problems.
10) If you need any?assistance, please let me know and I’ll be more than happy to help.
11) Some people tend to?blame?others for what they themselves have done wrong.
12) Children’s education is becoming too heavy a?burden?for many families to bear these days.
13) I can’t?endure?to see /?endure?seeing animals suffer like that.
14) Davis was one of the most?significant?musicians of the last century.
2 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Completethe following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.
1) The home address was incomplete, so the letter could not be?delivered.
2) His father was finally?released?after he was proven to be innocent?(無辜的), but he had already spent ten years in prison.
3) Did he give you?permission?to use his computer?
4) All rooms in this building are?rented?to students because it is closeto their university.
5) When she recalled her?miserable?days during the war, my motherwould cry bitterly.
6) When I told George that Maggie had refused to help, he?explodedand walked out without saying anything.
7) She?pressed?her dress smooth using a hot iron.
8) With a(n)?motion?of his hand, he urged us to follow him.
9) As soon as she accepted the job, Janet started working with greatenthusiasm.
10) Though she is over seventy, she is?blessed?with excellent health.
11) The old woman was hurt so deeply by what his son had said that shetrembled?with rage.
12) Just complete the?attached?form and return it in the envelopeprovided.
13) The waiter?inquired?whether we would like to sit near the window.
14) You’ve been working all morning — you now?deserve?a rest.
3 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Doyou understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the propercontext? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change theform where necessary.
1) She is a very responsible lady; with her in charge, I am sure nothingwill?go wrong.
2) We were half way on our journey when our car?broke down.
3) I have lost my watch and I am quite certain I lost it?on my way to?thecomputer room.
4) The child is very independent. He wants to make all importantdecisions?by himself.
5) This little girl is a dancing genius; she could dance?in time?to themusic as young as three years old.
6) Our manager has to?deal with?all kinds of complaints the staffmembers make.
7) She knew her subject from top to bottom and?breezed through?theexam in less than an hour.
8) Several days?had gone by?before we found the missing dog.
9)?To my surprise, I was given the job, even though I had sent in myapplication rather late.
●?Increasing Your Word Power
1 A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as anotherword. Now identify synonyms by matching a word in Column A with anotherin Column B. Then complete the sentences with an appropriate word either inColumn A or in Column B. Change the form where necessary.
1) They endured hours of backbreaking work in?miserable?conditions.
2) Some of the boys in our class are going to skip today’s class; I wonderhow our teacher will?respond?to it.
3) She is a teacher and spent most of her?career?in New York.
4) The wearing of seat belts is?required?by the law.
5) Sally didn’t feel quite well, but still dragged herself?wearily?out ofbed at five o’clock that morning.
6) This new play was directed by Mike Johnson,?assisted?by Sharon Gale.
7) It’s her birthday party so I need a?gift?of some sort to take along.
8) Tom is a?stubborn?child who won’t obey his mother.
9) I’m not joking; I’m?serious.
10) From the house come bursts of?merry?laughter.
11) Our tour?departs?from Heathrow Airport on 31 March and returns16 April.
12) Barbara?scolded?her son for being so naughty before the honourable guests.
13) There are no?significant?differences between the two groups ofstudents in terms of their IQ.
2 An antonym is a word that means the opposite of another word. Now identifyantonyms by matching a word in Column A with another in Column B. Thencomplete the sentences with an appropriate word either in Column A or inColumn B
1) With no thought for his own?safety, he ran into the burning buildingto save the child.
2) He waited the whole day for her to call him back, but no phone callcame. He was so annoyed that he went to bedmiserably.
3) Listen! The girls are singing?cheerfully?in the next room. They mustbe having a lot of fun together.
4) He did his work?carelessly. That’s why he made so many mistakes.
5) Jim knew?absolutely?nothing about the business when he joined thefirm.
6) He looked round?desperately?for someone to help him.
7) The news report does not mention who is to?blame?for the trafficaccident.
8) He left his hometown as a poor, working class boy and returned as anextremely?wealthy?man.
9) I don’t like the?boring / dull?atmosphere in our class; I thinkeveryone should try to be more active in class.
10) She wanted to be the first woman to climb Mount Everest, and shealmost?succeeded.
3 The words in the box below can be used both as nouns and as verbs. Useeither the noun form or the verb form of the words to complete the followingsentences. Change the form where necessary.
1) I got so mad with him that I?slapped?him hard across the face; I’mstill feeling sorry for what I did then.
2) On my birthday one of my friends gave me a beautiful doll as a(n)present.
3) She finally solved the problem! A smile?lit?up her face.
4) The little donkey struggled under a heavy?burden.
5) He was so angry that he reached forward and gave her a(n)?slap?onthe cheek.
6) Janet?presented?the director with an expensive painting as a partinggift from us all.
7) I?ordered?a chicken and some beer and started eating and drinkingby myself.
8) The lake was bathed in the soft?light?of the moon.
9) The government is spending millions of dollars in its attempt tocombat?drug abuse?(毒品濫用).
10) She?motioned?me to come closer and slipped something into myhand.
11) The?strain?on the cables?(繩纜)?supporting the bridge is enormous.
12) You can place an online?order?and they will deliver the goods to thedoor.
13) They?strained?the rope between the two posts.
14) I don’t want to?burden?you with my problems.
15) With a sweeping?motion?of his hand, he said, “Follow me closely.”
16) Helen?volunteered?to have the New Year party at her house this year.
17) The troops were exhausted after months of fierce?combat.
18) She now helps in a local school as a(n)?volunteer?three days a week.
4 Did you notice the suffixes -ness, -ment in words such as illness, disappointmentin this unit? The suffix -ness can be put after many adjectives to form nouns, while -ment can be added to many verbs to form nouns.
Now form nouns byadding -ness or -ment to the words given in the table and write down theChinese meaning for each.
Adjectives / Verbs Suffixes Nouns Chinese Meanings
accomplish-ment / -ness?accomplishment?成就；造詣；完成
adjust?adjustment?調節(jié)；調整；校正
appoint?appointment?約會，約定；任命，委派
aware?awareness?意識；知道；覺悟
calm?calmness?平靜；安靜；鎮(zhèn)靜
competitive?competitiveness?競爭；競爭力
develop?development?形成；開發(fā)；發(fā)展
effective?effectiveness?效力；有效性
encourage?encouragement?鼓勵；贊助；促進
impulsiveimpulsiveness?沖動；推動；驅使
Complete each of the following sentences with a proper word you have thusformed.
1) There has been an increasing?awareness?that care of the elderly hasbecome a social problem.
2) We need?encouragement?from each other in order to complete sucha huge project.
3) With so many caregivers around her, the old woman feels a sense ofsecurity and?calmness.
4) To ensure?competitiveness?in market, the company spares no effortto improve the quality of its products.
5) We are very proud of the?accomplishments?that we have made overthe past few years.
6) If you want to see the director, you need to make a(n)?appointmentwith him first.
7) When travelling abroad, you should make necessary?adjustments?tothe cultural differences.
8) Take your time and think about it twice so as to avoid?impulsivenessin your decision.
9) A series of clinical trials?(臨床試驗)?are conducted to test theeffectiveness?of the newly developed medicine.
10) There have been significant technological?developments?in thiscountry in the last two decades.
Grammar in Context
Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention tothe italicized parts. Reflect on the grammatical function of the present participles,and group them into different types.
1) a. Adverbial of time:?2, 4, 6
2) b. Adverbial of reason:?9, 10
3) c. Adverbial of result:?8
4) d. Adverbial of accompanying circumstances:?1, 3, 5, 7
Task 1: Rewrite the following sentences using a present participle clause.
1) He sat silent in the corner. He was reading his favorite novel.
He sat silent in the corner, reading his favorite novel.
2) When she saw the traffic light turn green, she quickly crossed the road.
Seeing the traffic light turn green, she quickly crossed the road.
3) As he has engaged in the research for many years, he is quite familiar withthe topic.
Having engaged in the research for many years, he is quite familiar with the topic.
4) He didn’t know where the supermarket was, so he went up to the policemanto ask for directions.
Not knowing where the supermarket was, he went up to the policeman to ask fordirections.
5) A new economic stimulus plan is said to be unveiled, and it leads to a surgein the stock market.
A new economic stimulus plan is said to be unveiled, leading to a surge in the stockmarket.
Task 2: Rewrite the following sentences to avoid ambiguity or danglingconstructions.
1) Opening the window, a butterfly flew into my study.
Opening the window, I saw a butterfly flying into my study.
Or: When I opened the window, a butterfly flew into my study.
2) Weighing almost 100 pounds, he lifted up the stone with one arm.
Weighing almost 100 pounds, the stone was lifted up by him with one arm.
Or: Although the stone weighed almost 100 pounds, he lifted it up with one arm.
3) Idling about all day and indulging in games, the teacher flunked?(使…不及格)
the student in the final exam.
Idling about all day and indulging in games, the student was flunked by theteacher in the final exam.
4) Having lived in the small county for thirty years, everything is familiar to the
old man.
Having lived in the small county for thirty years, the old man is familiar witheverything.
5) Having received the Nobel Prize in literature, the media bombarded?(向…連
續(xù)提問)?Mo Yan with questions of various types.
Having received the Nobel Prize in literature, Mo Yan was bombarded withquestions of various types from the media.
Cloze
Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letterof each is given.
Being a good boss has never been easy for me. The most difficult part is not
about work, but about dealing?(1) with relationships at the workplace. As each
and every employee in my company is significant?(2) to its development, I need
to give enough attention?(3) and care to everyone and to be approachable to all.
At the start of the business, I encountered difficult situations and I was unsure
what the best way was to handle them. For example, when an employee made a
mistake, I hesitated about whether to scold?(4) him or her. Would I appear to be
an impatient?(5) boss to my employees if I did so? Would they continue to make
mistakes if I was too lenient? Sometimes, I had to settle?(6) disputes among the
employees if they did not see eye to eye with each other on some tasks. This too
was difficult. Should I blame?(7) any party or should I defend?(8) anyone? How
would I bring them to see their differences and find solutions without hurting?(9)
each other? Sometimes I also encountered?(10) difficult employees who seemed
to feel miserable?(11) whatever I did for them. Life has never been easy, but I
have learned the ropes along the way. The essential principle is to treat the
employees sincerely?(12), appreciate their contributions to the company and
reward them accordingly. My employees are happy to have me as their boss, and
are offering me all the assistance?(13) they could. They have great enthusiasm?(14)
for their work and have contributed significantly to the company’s development.
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.
1)?直起身來，腳要跟上音樂拍子。(straighten up, keep time to)
Straighten up! Your feet should keep time to the rhythm of the music.
2)?如果周末你們要去看電影，把我也算上。(count in)
If you’re going to the movie this weekend, count me in.
3)?我今天早上沒吃早飯就走了，因為我得趕時間。(in a hurry)
I had to go without breakfast this morning as I was in a hurry.
4)?他們要求更多的電力供應，我們應該滿足他們的需要，減輕他們的壓力。(request, release)
They have made a request for more electricity supplies, which we should satisfy inorder to release them from the pressure they are under.
5)?他們將酒瓶傳了一圈，每人喝了一口后，就向森林深處走去。(make the?rounds, set out for)
They made the rounds with the wine bottle; each took a gulp and then they set outfor the forest.
6)?我的電視機壞了，我馬上在網上訂購了一臺新的。商店會派人送貨上門。(break down, deliver)
My TV set broke down and I immediately ordered a new one online and the shop isgoing to have it delivered to the door.
7)?當他意識到毫無希望時，微笑從臉上逐漸消失了。(fade)
When he realized that there would be no hope at all, the smile faded from his face.
8)?像他這么一個一向溫文爾雅的人居然如此粗魯?shù)卮驍辔覀?。我們都無法相信地看著他。(interrupt, in disbelief)
We stared at him in disbelief, astonished that someone as gentle as he was couldhave interrupted us so rudely.
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